ArcGIS Server versions 11.5 and earlier on Windows and Linux do not sufficiently validate uploaded files, enabling a remote unauthenticated attacker to upload arbitrary files to the server’s designated upload directories. However, the server’s architecture enforces controls that restrict uploaded files to non‑executable storage locations and prevent modification or replacement of existing application components or system configurations. Uploaded files cannot be executed, leveraged to escalate privileges, or used to access sensitive data. Because the issue does not enable execution, service disruption, unauthorized access, or integrity compromise, its impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability is low. Note that race conditions, secret values, or man‑in‑the‑middle conditions are required for exploitation.
ArcGIS Server versions 11.5 and earlier are vulnerable to arbitrary file upload, allowing attackers to place files in designated upload directories. While the vulnerability does not directly enable code execution or data compromise due to architectural restrictions, it could be leveraged in conjunction with other vulnerabilities, or through a race condition to achieve a more significant impact.
Step 1: Target Identification: The attacker identifies a vulnerable ArcGIS Server instance running version 11.5 or earlier.
Step 2: Upload Preparation: The attacker crafts a malicious file, potentially designed to be used in a later stage of the attack, or to exploit a race condition.
Step 3: File Upload: The attacker uses the file upload functionality of the ArcGIS Server to upload the malicious file to a designated upload directory.
Step 4: Post-Upload Manipulation (Potential): Depending on the attacker's goals, and the presence of other vulnerabilities or a race condition, the attacker attempts to leverage the uploaded file. This could involve triggering a race condition to overwrite a critical file, or using the uploaded file in conjunction with another vulnerability to achieve code execution or data exfiltration. The description indicates that the file cannot be directly executed, so this step is dependent on other factors.
The vulnerability stems from insufficient input validation of uploaded files within ArcGIS Server. Specifically, the server fails to adequately verify the content or characteristics of uploaded files, allowing attackers to bypass intended security controls. The root cause is likely a missing or inadequate check on file types, sizes, or other attributes during the upload process. The server's architecture, however, prevents the execution of uploaded files, mitigating the immediate risk of remote code execution. The vulnerability's impact is further limited by the fact that uploaded files are stored in non-executable locations. However, the presence of a race condition, or the potential for exploiting other vulnerabilities in conjunction with this one, could lead to a more severe outcome.