Source: cna@vuldb.com
A vulnerability was found in LigeroSmart up to 6.1.24. This affects an unknown part of the component Environment Variable Handler. Performing manipulation of the argument REQUEST_URI results in cross site scripting. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been made public and could be used. Upgrading to version 6.1.26 and 6.3 is able to mitigate this issue. The patch is named 264ac5b2be5b3c673ebd8cb862e673f5d300d9a7. The affected component should be upgraded.
LigeroSmart versions up to 6.1.24 are vulnerable to a cross-site scripting (XSS) attack due to improper handling of the REQUEST_URI environment variable. This allows attackers to inject malicious scripts into web pages, potentially leading to account compromise and data theft.
Step 1: Payload Delivery: The attacker crafts a malicious URL containing a JavaScript payload within the REQUEST_URI parameter. This payload could be a simple alert box or a more sophisticated script designed to steal cookies or redirect the user to a phishing site.
Step 2: Request Submission: The attacker tricks a victim into clicking the malicious URL, or the URL is embedded in a phishing email or on a compromised website.
Step 3: Server Processing: The LigeroSmart application receives the HTTP request containing the malicious REQUEST_URI.
Step 4: Vulnerable Component Execution: The Environment Variable Handler component processes the REQUEST_URI value.
Step 5: Unsanitized Output: The application fails to properly sanitize or encode the REQUEST_URI value before including it in the HTML response.
Step 6: Malicious Script Execution: The victim's browser renders the HTML, including the attacker's injected JavaScript payload. The browser then executes the malicious script.
The vulnerability stems from insufficient input validation and output encoding of the REQUEST_URI variable within the Environment Variable Handler component. Specifically, the application fails to properly sanitize or escape user-controlled input from the REQUEST_URI before rendering it in the HTML response. This allows an attacker to inject arbitrary JavaScript code into the webpage, which is then executed by the victim's browser. The root cause is a missing or inadequate implementation of input validation and output encoding mechanisms, such as HTML entity encoding, to prevent the injection of malicious scripts. The lack of these security measures allows the attacker to craft a malicious URL that, when accessed, triggers the execution of the injected JavaScript code.
While no specific APTs are directly linked in the provided information, the public availability of the exploit and the nature of XSS vulnerabilities make it attractive to a wide range of attackers, including those seeking to conduct phishing, credential harvesting, and website defacement. This vulnerability does not have a CISA KEV status.
Monitor web server logs for unusual REQUEST_URI values containing JavaScript code (e.g., <script>, onerror, onload).
Implement a Web Application Firewall (WAF) with XSS detection rules to block malicious requests.
Analyze HTTP response bodies for injected JavaScript code.
Use a Content Security Policy (CSP) to restrict the sources from which the browser can load resources, mitigating the impact of successful XSS attacks.
Network Intrusion Detection Systems (NIDS) can be configured to detect malicious payloads in HTTP requests.
Upgrade to LigeroSmart version 6.1.26 or 6.3 or later to patch the vulnerability.
Implement proper input validation to sanitize the REQUEST_URI parameter, ensuring that only allowed characters and formats are accepted.
Implement output encoding (e.g., HTML entity encoding) to escape special characters in the REQUEST_URI before rendering it in the HTML response.
Implement a Content Security Policy (CSP) to mitigate the impact of XSS attacks.
Regularly scan the application for vulnerabilities using static and dynamic analysis tools.
Review and harden the web server configuration to minimize attack surface.