Source: cna@vuldb.com
A vulnerability, which was classified as problematic, was found in PHPGurukul Land Record System 1.0. Affected is an unknown function of the file /admin/add-property.php. The manipulation of the argument Land Subtype leads to cross site scripting. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability exists in PHPGurukul Land Record System 1.0, allowing attackers to inject malicious scripts via the Land Subtype parameter in /admin/add-property.php. This flaw enables remote attackers to potentially hijack user sessions, redirect users to malicious websites, or steal sensitive information from legitimate users of the application.
Step 1: Payload Delivery: The attacker crafts a malicious payload, typically a JavaScript snippet, designed to execute within the victim's browser. This payload is designed to perform actions like stealing cookies or redirecting the user.
Step 2: Payload Injection: The attacker submits the crafted payload as the Land Subtype value through a specially crafted HTTP request to the /admin/add-property.php file. This is done through a web form or by directly manipulating the URL.
Step 3: Data Storage: The vulnerable application stores the malicious payload in its database or session storage, associated with the Land Subtype field.
Step 4: Victim Interaction: A legitimate user, typically an administrator, accesses the page that displays the Land Subtype data, such as a property listing or editing page.
Step 5: Payload Execution: The application retrieves the malicious payload from the database and renders it in the HTML response. The browser then executes the injected JavaScript code, as it is treated as part of the page's content.
Step 6: Attack Impact: The injected JavaScript code executes within the context of the user's session, enabling the attacker to perform actions on behalf of the user, such as stealing their session cookies, redirecting them to a phishing site, or modifying the content of the page.
The vulnerability stems from insufficient input validation and output encoding within the /admin/add-property.php file. Specifically, the Land Subtype parameter is not properly sanitized before being displayed on the page. This allows an attacker to inject malicious JavaScript code into the Land Subtype field. When a user views the page with the crafted input, the browser executes the injected script, leading to the XSS vulnerability. The root cause is a lack of input validation and output encoding (e.g., HTML escaping) of the Land Subtype parameter. The application fails to properly sanitize user-supplied data before rendering it in the HTML response, allowing for the injection of arbitrary HTML and JavaScript.
While no specific APT groups are directly linked to this vulnerability at this time, the public availability of the exploit increases the risk of exploitation by various threat actors. This vulnerability could be leveraged by opportunistic attackers for various malicious purposes. No CISA KEV status is available at this time.
Monitor web server logs for suspicious HTTP requests to /admin/add-property.php containing potentially malicious JavaScript payloads in the Land Subtype parameter. Look for patterns like <script>, onerror, onload, or other JavaScript-related keywords.
Implement a Web Application Firewall (WAF) with rules to detect and block XSS attempts, specifically targeting the Land Subtype parameter.
Analyze network traffic for unusual patterns, such as unexpected redirects or requests to external domains from users accessing the vulnerable application.
Monitor the application's database for unexpected changes or the presence of malicious scripts in the Land Subtype field.
Use a security scanner to identify XSS vulnerabilities in the application.
Implement robust input validation to sanitize the Land Subtype parameter, ensuring that only valid data is accepted. This includes filtering out or escaping special characters.
Implement output encoding (e.g., HTML escaping) to properly encode the Land Subtype data before displaying it in the HTML response. This prevents the browser from interpreting the data as executable code.
Use a Content Security Policy (CSP) to restrict the sources from which the browser can load resources, mitigating the impact of XSS attacks.
Regularly update the PHPGurukul Land Record System to the latest version, if available, or apply any security patches released by the vendor.
Conduct thorough security audits and penetration testing to identify and address any remaining vulnerabilities.