Source: security@huntr.dev
Argument Injection in GitHub repository froxlor/froxlor prior to 2.0.0-beta1.
Froxlor, a web hosting control panel, is vulnerable to argument injection, allowing attackers to execute arbitrary commands on the server. This vulnerability, present in versions prior to 2.0.0-beta1, can lead to complete system compromise and data exfiltration. Successful exploitation grants attackers unauthorized access and control over the hosting environment.
Step 1: Input Vector Identification: The attacker identifies a user-controllable input field within Froxlor's interface. This could be a form field, a URL parameter, or another input mechanism.
Step 2: Payload Crafting: The attacker crafts a malicious payload designed to be injected into the identified input field. This payload will include arguments designed to be passed to a system command.
Step 3: Payload Submission: The attacker submits the crafted payload to the Froxlor application.
Step 4: Command Construction: Froxlor's backend code receives the attacker's input and incorporates it into a system command without proper sanitization or escaping.
Step 5: Command Execution: The vulnerable system command is executed by the server.
Step 6: Payload Execution: The injected arguments are interpreted by the system, leading to the execution of the attacker's malicious code. This could involve arbitrary command execution, data exfiltration, or other malicious activities.
Step 7: System Compromise: The attacker gains unauthorized access and control over the server, potentially leading to complete system compromise.
The vulnerability stems from insufficient input validation and sanitization within the Froxlor codebase, specifically related to how user-supplied input is handled when constructing and executing system commands. The application fails to properly escape or validate arguments passed to underlying system calls. This allows an attacker to inject malicious arguments into these commands, leading to arbitrary code execution. The root cause is a lack of secure coding practices, specifically failing to properly sanitize user-controlled input before passing it to system commands. This oversight allows an attacker to manipulate the command's behavior, potentially leading to privilege escalation and complete system compromise.
There is no specific APT group or malware family definitively linked to the exploitation of this vulnerability at this time. However, due to its potential for complete system compromise, it is a high-value target for various threat actors. CISA KEV status: Unknown.
Monitor system logs for suspicious command executions, especially those involving user-supplied input.
Analyze web server logs for unusual HTTP requests or POST data that may contain malicious payloads.
Implement file integrity monitoring to detect unauthorized changes to critical system files.
Use intrusion detection systems (IDS) and intrusion prevention systems (IPS) with signatures designed to detect argument injection attempts.
Network traffic analysis for unusual outbound connections from the server.
Upgrade Froxlor to version 2.0.0-beta1 or later.
Implement robust input validation and sanitization to ensure that all user-supplied input is properly escaped and validated before being used in system commands.
Use parameterized queries or prepared statements to prevent argument injection in database interactions.
Apply the principle of least privilege, ensuring that the web server process runs with the minimum necessary permissions.
Regularly audit the codebase for vulnerabilities, including argument injection flaws.
Implement a web application firewall (WAF) to filter malicious requests.