Source: disclosure@vulncheck.com
Web Ofisi Firma v13 contains an SQL injection vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to manipulate database queries by injecting SQL code through the 'oz' array parameter. Attackers can send GET requests to category pages with malicious 'oz[]' values using time-based blind SQL injection payloads to extract sensitive database information.
Web Ofisi Firma v13 is vulnerable to a critical SQL injection flaw, allowing unauthenticated attackers to compromise the database. Exploitation enables attackers to extract sensitive data, potentially leading to data breaches and complete system control. This vulnerability poses a significant risk to organizations using the affected software.
Step 1: Payload Delivery: An attacker crafts a malicious GET request to a category page of the Web Ofisi Firma v13 application. The request includes a specially crafted 'oz[]' parameter containing SQL injection code.
Step 2: Request Processing: The application receives the GET request and processes the 'oz[]' parameter.
Step 3: Query Construction: The application incorporates the attacker-controlled 'oz[]' value directly into an SQL query, typically using string concatenation.
Step 4: Query Execution: The database server executes the maliciously crafted SQL query.
Step 5: Data Extraction: The attacker uses time-based blind SQL injection techniques (e.g., IF(1=1, SLEEP(5), 0)) to infer information about the database structure and content. This is done by observing the response time of the server. The attacker can then extract sensitive data, such as usernames, passwords, and other confidential information.
The vulnerability stems from insufficient input validation of the 'oz[]' parameter within the category page functionality. The application directly incorporates user-supplied data from this parameter into SQL queries without proper sanitization or escaping. This allows attackers to inject malicious SQL code, manipulating the database queries to extract information, bypass authentication, or execute arbitrary commands. The root cause is a failure to implement parameterized queries or other secure coding practices to prevent SQL injection. The lack of input validation allows for the injection of SQL commands, leading to unauthorized access and data manipulation. The application likely uses string concatenation to build SQL queries, making it susceptible to this type of attack.
While specific APT groups are not directly linked to this CVE in the provided information, any threat actor with basic SQL injection skills could exploit it. The potential impact (data exfiltration, system compromise) makes it attractive to various threat actors, including those seeking financial gain (ransomware) or espionage. CISA KEV status is unknown without further information, but the severity suggests it could be a candidate.
Monitor web server logs for suspicious GET requests to category pages with unusual 'oz[]' parameter values. Look for SQL injection payloads (e.g., single quotes, double quotes, UNION, SELECT, WHERE, SLEEP).
Implement a Web Application Firewall (WAF) with SQL injection detection rules to block malicious requests.
Analyze database query logs for unusual activity, such as unexpected query patterns or long execution times.
Monitor network traffic for unusual patterns, such as large data transfers from the web server or suspicious connections to the database server.
Use intrusion detection systems (IDS) and intrusion prevention systems (IPS) with signatures for SQL injection attacks.
Review application code for instances where the 'oz[]' parameter is used in SQL queries and ensure proper input validation and sanitization.
Implement parameterized queries or prepared statements to prevent SQL injection. This separates the SQL code from the user-supplied data.
Sanitize and validate all user-supplied input, including the 'oz[]' parameter, to ensure that it conforms to expected formats and lengths.
Use a Web Application Firewall (WAF) to filter out malicious requests.
Regularly update the Web Ofisi Firma software to the latest version, which may include patches for this vulnerability.
Apply the principle of least privilege to database accounts. Limit the permissions of the database user used by the application.
Conduct regular security audits and penetration testing to identify and address vulnerabilities.
Review and harden the web server configuration to minimize attack surface.