CVE-2016-9915

MEDIUM6.5/ 10.0
Share:
Published: December 29, 2016 at 10:59 PM
Modified: April 12, 2025 at 10:46 AM
Source: secalert@redhat.com

Vulnerability Description

Memory leak in hw/9pfs/9p-handle.c in QEMU (aka Quick Emulator) allows local privileged guest OS users to cause a denial of service (host memory consumption and possibly QEMU process crash) by leveraging a missing cleanup operation in the handle backend.

CVSS Metrics

Base Score
6.5
Severity
MEDIUM
Vector String
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:N/A:H

Weaknesses (CWE)

Source: nvd@nist.gov

AI Security Analysis

01 // Technical Summary

A critical memory leak vulnerability exists in QEMU's 9p filesystem implementation, allowing a malicious guest OS user to exhaust the host's memory resources. This can lead to a denial-of-service (DoS) condition, potentially crashing the QEMU process and disrupting virtual machine operations. Exploitation is achieved by triggering a missing cleanup operation, leading to uncontrolled memory allocation within the host system.

02 // Vulnerability Mechanism

Step 1: Guest OS Access: A privileged user within the guest operating system gains access to the 9p filesystem. This typically involves mounting the 9p share. Step 2: File Handle Creation: The guest OS interacts with the 9p filesystem, such as opening a file. This action triggers the creation of a file handle within the QEMU process on the host. Step 3: Missing Cleanup Trigger: The guest OS closes the file or performs operations that should trigger the release of the file handle. However, due to the vulnerability, the cleanup operation is missing. Step 4: Memory Leak: The file handle's associated memory is not freed. This memory remains allocated on the host. Step 5: Repeated Exploitation: The guest OS repeatedly opens and closes files, or performs other 9p operations, creating and leaking more file handles. Step 6: Host Memory Exhaustion: The accumulated memory leaks eventually consume all available host memory. Step 7: Denial of Service: The host system experiences a denial-of-service condition, potentially crashing the QEMU process or making the host unresponsive.

03 // Deep Technical Analysis

The vulnerability lies within hw/9pfs/9p-handle.c in QEMU's 9p filesystem implementation. Specifically, the flaw stems from a missing cleanup operation in the handle backend. When a guest OS interacts with the 9p filesystem, file handles are created and managed. Due to the missing cleanup, these handles are not properly released after use. This results in a memory leak on the host system. Repeated interaction with the 9p filesystem, such as opening and closing files, leads to the accumulation of these unreleased handles. This eventually consumes all available host memory, causing a denial-of-service (DoS) condition. The lack of proper resource management allows a malicious guest to exhaust the host's memory, potentially leading to a QEMU process crash and VM downtime. The root cause is a failure to free allocated memory associated with file handles, resulting in a gradual but ultimately complete memory exhaustion.

References & Intelligence

http://git.qemu.org/?p=qemu.git%3Ba=commit%3Bh=971f406b77a6eb84e0ad27dcc416b663765aee30
Source: secalert@redhat.com
http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2016/12/06/11
Source: secalert@redhat.com
Mailing ListThird Party Advisory
http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2016/12/08/7
Source: secalert@redhat.com
Mailing ListThird Party Advisory
http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/94729
Source: secalert@redhat.com
Third Party AdvisoryVDB Entry
https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2018/09/msg00007.html
Source: secalert@redhat.com
Third Party Advisory
https://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/qemu-devel/2016-11/msg03278.html
Source: secalert@redhat.com
PatchVendor Advisory
https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201701-49
Source: secalert@redhat.com
Third Party Advisory
http://git.qemu.org/?p=qemu.git%3Ba=commit%3Bh=971f406b77a6eb84e0ad27dcc416b663765aee30
Source: af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108
http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2016/12/06/11
Source: af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108
Mailing ListThird Party Advisory
http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2016/12/08/7
Source: af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108
Mailing ListThird Party Advisory
http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/94729
Source: af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108
Third Party AdvisoryVDB Entry
https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2018/09/msg00007.html
Source: af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108
Third Party Advisory
https://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/qemu-devel/2016-11/msg03278.html
Source: af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108
PatchVendor Advisory
https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201701-49
Source: af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108
Third Party Advisory
CVE-2016-9915 - MEDIUM Severity (6.5) | Free CVE Database | 4nuxd