Source: cna@vuldb.com
A vulnerability has been found in Yuna Scatari TBDev up to 2.1.17 and classified as problematic. Affected by this vulnerability is the function get_user_icons of the file usersearch.php. The manipulation of the argument n/r/r2/em/ip/co/ma/d/d2/ul/ul2/ls/ls2/dl/dl2 leads to cross site scripting. The attack can be launched remotely. Upgrading to version 2.1.18 is able to address this issue. The patch is named 0ba3fd4be29dd48fa4455c236a9403b3149a4fd4. It is recommended to upgrade the affected component. The associated identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-217147.
Yuna Scatari TBDev versions up to 2.1.17 are vulnerable to a Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) attack. This allows attackers to inject malicious scripts into the application via the usersearch.php file, potentially leading to account compromise and data theft by tricking users into executing arbitrary code within their browsers.
Step 1: Payload Delivery: The attacker crafts a malicious URL containing a JavaScript payload within one or more of the vulnerable parameters (e.g., n, r, etc.).
Step 2: Request Submission: The attacker sends the crafted URL to a victim, typically through phishing, social engineering, or by embedding it on a malicious website.
Step 3: Server Processing: The usersearch.php script receives the request and, specifically, the get_user_icons function processes the user-supplied input from the URL parameters.
Step 4: Insufficient Sanitization: The input from the parameters is not properly sanitized or encoded before being included in the HTML output.
Step 5: HTML Rendering: The server generates the HTML response, including the attacker's injected JavaScript payload.
Step 6: Victim Interaction: The victim's browser renders the HTML, executing the malicious JavaScript.
Step 7: Exploitation: The injected JavaScript executes within the victim's browser, allowing the attacker to perform actions such as stealing cookies, redirecting the user, or defacing the website.
The vulnerability lies within the get_user_icons function in usersearch.php. The function fails to properly sanitize user-supplied input from the n, r, r2, em, ip, co, ma, d, d2, ul, ul2, ls, ls2, dl, and dl2 parameters. This lack of input validation allows an attacker to inject malicious JavaScript code into the HTML output. When a user views the search results, the injected script executes in their browser, enabling the attacker to steal cookies, redirect users, or deface the website. The root cause is a missing or inadequate input validation and output encoding mechanism.
While no specific APT groups are directly linked to this CVE, XSS vulnerabilities are commonly exploited by various threat actors. This type of vulnerability is often used in the initial stages of an attack. CISA KEV status: Not Listed
Web server logs: Look for unusual URL patterns containing JavaScript payloads (e.g., <script>, alert(), onerror=).
Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS): Implement rules to detect XSS attempts, specifically those targeting the usersearch.php file and the vulnerable parameters.
Web Application Firewalls (WAF): Configure WAF rules to block malicious XSS payloads.
Browser Security Alerts: Monitor browser security logs for suspicious activity, such as JavaScript errors or unexpected script execution.
Network Traffic Analysis: Examine network traffic for unusual HTTP requests containing XSS payloads.
Upgrade to Yuna Scatari TBDev version 2.1.18 or later. This is the primary and most effective solution.
Implement robust input validation: Sanitize all user-supplied input from the vulnerable parameters before using it in the HTML output. This includes filtering out or escaping special characters.
Implement output encoding: Encode all user-supplied input before displaying it in the HTML output. This prevents the browser from interpreting the injected code as HTML.
Use a Content Security Policy (CSP): Implement a CSP to restrict the sources from which the browser can load resources, mitigating the impact of XSS attacks.
Regular Security Audits: Conduct regular security audits and penetration testing to identify and address vulnerabilities.
Keep Software Updated: Ensure all software, including the web server and related libraries, are up-to-date with the latest security patches.