Source: cve@mitre.org
Multiple cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities in Infoproject Biznis Heroj allow remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the config parameter to (1) nalozi_naslov.php and (2) widget.dokumenti_lista.php.
Infoproject Biznis Heroj is vulnerable to multiple cross-site scripting (XSS) flaws, allowing attackers to inject malicious code into web pages viewed by users. Successful exploitation could lead to account compromise, data theft, or website defacement. This vulnerability targets the config parameter in two specific PHP files, enabling attackers to execute arbitrary JavaScript within the context of the vulnerable website.
Step 1: Payload Delivery: The attacker crafts a malicious URL containing a JavaScript payload within the config parameter. This payload is designed to execute arbitrary code within the victim's browser. For example: http://vulnerable-site.com/nalozi_naslov.php?config=<script>alert('XSS')</script>
Step 2: Request Submission: The attacker either directly sends the malicious URL to a victim or embeds it within a phishing email or a compromised website.
Step 3: Server Processing: The vulnerable web server receives the request and processes the nalozi_naslov.php or widget.dokumenti_lista.php script.
Step 4: Parameter Retrieval: The script retrieves the value of the config parameter from the URL.
Step 5: Unsanitized Output: The script directly incorporates the value of the config parameter, including the attacker's JavaScript payload, into the HTML response without any sanitization or encoding.
Step 6: Browser Execution: The victim's web browser receives the HTML response, which now contains the malicious JavaScript. The browser then executes the injected JavaScript code in the context of the vulnerable website, allowing the attacker to perform actions such as stealing cookies, redirecting the user, or defacing the website.
The vulnerability stems from insufficient input validation and output encoding of the config parameter in nalozi_naslov.php and widget.dokumenti_lista.php. The application fails to properly sanitize user-supplied input before displaying it on the webpage. Specifically, the application directly incorporates the contents of the config parameter into the HTML response without escaping special characters. This allows an attacker to inject malicious JavaScript code, which is then executed by the victim's browser. The root cause is a lack of input validation and output encoding, leading to a stored XSS vulnerability. The application does not employ any content security policy (CSP) to mitigate the impact of XSS.
While no specific APT groups are directly linked to this CVE, XSS vulnerabilities are commonly exploited by a wide range of actors, from script kiddies to sophisticated threat actors. This type of vulnerability is often used as a stepping stone to further attacks. CISA KEV status: Not Listed.
Web server logs analysis for suspicious HTTP requests containing JavaScript payloads in the config parameter of nalozi_naslov.php and widget.dokumenti_lista.php.
Network traffic analysis for unusual HTTP requests with potentially malicious JavaScript code.
Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) and Intrusion Prevention Systems (IPS) configured with XSS signatures.
Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) configured to detect and block XSS attacks.
Reviewing web server access logs for unusual user activity or patterns, such as multiple requests to the vulnerable files with different payloads.
Conducting regular vulnerability scans to identify and assess potential XSS vulnerabilities.
Implement input validation to sanitize the config parameter, ensuring that only expected data types and formats are accepted.
Implement output encoding (e.g., HTML entity encoding) to escape special characters in the config parameter before displaying them in the HTML response.
Implement a Content Security Policy (CSP) to restrict the sources from which the browser can load resources, mitigating the impact of XSS attacks.
Update Infoproject Biznis Heroj to the latest version or apply any available patches.
Conduct thorough penetration testing and vulnerability assessments to identify and address any remaining vulnerabilities.
Implement a Web Application Firewall (WAF) to filter malicious traffic and protect against XSS attacks.
Regularly monitor web server logs and network traffic for suspicious activity.