Source: cve@mitre.org
SQL injection vulnerability in index.php in E-topbiz Online Store 1.0 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the cat_id parameter.
E-topbiz Online Store 1.0 is vulnerable to a critical SQL injection flaw, allowing attackers to inject malicious SQL commands through the cat_id parameter. This vulnerability enables remote code execution, potentially leading to complete system compromise and data breaches, including the theft of sensitive customer information and control of the web server.
Step 1: Payload Delivery: The attacker crafts a malicious SQL injection payload and includes it in the cat_id parameter of a GET or POST request to index.php.
Step 2: Request Processing: The index.php script receives the HTTP request and retrieves the value of the cat_id parameter.
Step 3: Query Construction: The script constructs a SQL query, likely using string concatenation, to filter product categories based on the cat_id value. The attacker's injected payload is directly incorporated into this query.
Step 4: Query Execution: The crafted SQL query, now containing the attacker's payload, is executed against the database.
Step 5: Payload Execution: The database server interprets and executes the attacker's injected SQL commands. This could involve retrieving data, modifying data, or potentially executing operating system commands, depending on the payload and database configuration.
Step 6: Data Exfiltration/System Compromise: The attacker receives the results of their injected SQL commands, which could include sensitive data or control over the web server.
The vulnerability stems from a failure to properly sanitize user-supplied input before incorporating it into SQL queries. Specifically, the index.php script in E-topbiz Online Store 1.0 directly uses the cat_id parameter, which is likely used in a WHERE clause of a SQL query to filter product categories. The absence of input validation allows attackers to inject malicious SQL code, such as commands to retrieve sensitive data (e.g., usernames, passwords, credit card details), modify database content, or even execute operating system commands through stored procedures or extended stored procedures if the database server is configured to allow it. The root cause is a lack of input validation and parameterized queries, which are essential for preventing SQL injection attacks. The vulnerable code likely constructs SQL queries dynamically using string concatenation, directly incorporating the unsanitized cat_id value.
While no specific APT groups are directly linked to this CVE, the ease of exploitation and potential for high impact (data breaches, server compromise) make it attractive to various threat actors, including those involved in opportunistic attacks and credential harvesting. This vulnerability is not listed on the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog, but it's important to note that this does not mean it is not actively exploited.
Web server logs: Examine web server access logs for suspicious requests to index.php containing SQL injection payloads in the cat_id parameter. Look for common SQL injection keywords and syntax (e.g., UNION, SELECT, ' OR '1'='1, --).
Database logs: Review database server logs for unusual SQL queries, especially those originating from the web server. Look for queries that include unexpected parameters or syntax.
Intrusion Detection/Prevention Systems (IDS/IPS): Deploy and configure IDS/IPS rules to detect SQL injection attempts. These systems can identify malicious patterns in HTTP requests and block them.
File Integrity Monitoring (FIM): Monitor critical web application files (e.g., index.php) for unauthorized modifications. This can help detect if an attacker has successfully exploited the vulnerability and modified the code.
Implement input validation and output encoding on all user-supplied input, including the cat_id parameter. Sanitize the input to remove or escape any potentially malicious characters.
Use parameterized queries or prepared statements to prevent SQL injection. This approach separates the SQL code from the user-supplied data, ensuring that the data is treated as data and not as executable code.
Apply the latest security patches for E-topbiz Online Store 1.0. If no patches are available, consider upgrading to a more secure version or migrating to a different e-commerce platform.
Implement a Web Application Firewall (WAF) to filter malicious traffic and block SQL injection attempts.
Regularly scan the web application for vulnerabilities using automated tools.
Enforce the principle of least privilege for database users. Limit the permissions of the database user account used by the web application to only the necessary operations.
Conduct regular security audits and penetration testing to identify and address vulnerabilities.