Source: cve@mitre.org
Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in emfadmin/statusView.do in Tumbleweed EMF Administration Module 6.2.2 Build 4123, and possibly other versions before 6.3.2, allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the (1) lineId and (2) sort parameters.
Tumbleweed EMF Administration Module versions are vulnerable to a cross-site scripting (XSS) attack, allowing attackers to inject malicious scripts into the web application. This can lead to session hijacking, data theft, and website defacement, potentially compromising sensitive information and user accounts. Successful exploitation requires no authentication, posing a significant risk to affected organizations.
Step 1: Payload Delivery: The attacker crafts a malicious URL containing a JavaScript payload within the lineId or sort parameters. For example: http://<target>/emfadmin/statusView.do?lineId=<script>alert('XSS')</script>&sort=...
Step 2: Request Submission: The attacker sends the crafted URL to a victim, typically through phishing, social engineering, or by posting it on a public forum.
Step 3: Server Processing: The vulnerable web application receives the malicious request and processes the parameters, including the injected JavaScript payload.
Step 4: Response Generation: The application generates an HTML response that includes the unsanitized lineId or sort parameter, which now contains the attacker's JavaScript code.
Step 5: Browser Execution: The victim's web browser receives the malicious HTML response and executes the embedded JavaScript code. This code can perform actions such as stealing cookies, redirecting the user, or defacing the website.
The vulnerability stems from insufficient input validation and output encoding of the lineId and sort parameters within the emfadmin/statusView.do component. Specifically, the application fails to properly sanitize user-supplied input before rendering it in the HTML response. This allows attackers to inject malicious JavaScript code into the web page, which is then executed by the victim's browser. The root cause is a lack of input validation and output encoding, leading to a stored XSS vulnerability. The application trusts the user-provided data without proper sanitization, allowing the attacker to control the content displayed to other users.
While no specific APT groups are directly linked to this vulnerability, its ease of exploitation makes it a potential target for various threat actors. The vulnerability's age and the availability of PoCs suggest it could be used by less sophisticated attackers. Not listed on CISA KEV.
Web server logs analysis for suspicious HTTP requests containing JavaScript payloads in the lineId or sort parameters.
Network traffic analysis for unusual HTTP requests targeting the emfadmin/statusView.do endpoint.
Intrusion Detection System (IDS) rules configured to detect XSS payloads in HTTP requests.
Web Application Firewall (WAF) logs monitoring for blocked XSS attempts.
Reviewing the HTML source code of the statusView.do page for unexpected JavaScript code.
Upgrade to Tumbleweed EMF Administration Module version 6.3.2 or later.
Implement proper input validation to sanitize the lineId and sort parameters, ensuring that only expected data types and formats are accepted.
Implement output encoding (e.g., HTML encoding) to escape special characters in the lineId and sort parameters before rendering them in the HTML response.
Use a Web Application Firewall (WAF) to filter and block malicious requests containing XSS payloads.
Regularly scan the web application for vulnerabilities using automated tools.
Implement a Content Security Policy (CSP) to restrict the execution of JavaScript code to trusted sources.