Source: cve@mitre.org
The CoreGraphics Window Server in Mac OS X 10.4.1 allows local users with console access to gain privileges by "launching commands into root sessions."
Mac OS X 10.4.1 is vulnerable to a local privilege escalation via the CoreGraphics Window Server, allowing attackers with console access to execute arbitrary commands with root privileges. This vulnerability can lead to complete system compromise, enabling attackers to install backdoors, steal sensitive data, and disrupt operations. Successful exploitation requires local access, making it a significant threat for compromised user accounts or physical access scenarios.
Step 1: Local Access: The attacker must have local access to the vulnerable system, either through a compromised user account or physical access to the console. Step 2: Command Injection: The attacker crafts a malicious command designed to be executed with root privileges. This command could be a shell script, a compiled binary, or any other executable. Step 3: Triggering the Vulnerability: The attacker launches the crafted command through a specific interaction with the CoreGraphics Window Server. The exact method of triggering the vulnerability is not explicitly stated in the CVE description, but it involves launching commands within the context of the root session. Step 4: Privilege Escalation: The malicious command is executed by the Window Server with root privileges, granting the attacker complete control over the system. Step 5: System Compromise: The attacker can now perform any action with root privileges, including installing backdoors, modifying system files, stealing sensitive data, and disrupting operations.
The vulnerability stems from a flaw in the CoreGraphics Window Server's handling of user input and session management. Specifically, the server fails to properly validate or sanitize commands launched within the context of a user's console session. This allows a malicious user to inject commands that are executed with elevated privileges (root). The root cause is likely a combination of insufficient input validation and insecure process spawning, leading to a command injection vulnerability. The lack of proper authorization checks allows a user to bypass security restrictions and execute privileged operations. The vulnerability is exacerbated by the fact that the Window Server runs with elevated privileges, making it a prime target for exploitation.
While no specific APTs are directly linked to this CVE, any threat actor with the capability to exploit local privilege escalation vulnerabilities could potentially leverage this flaw. This vulnerability is not listed on the CISA KEV.
Monitor system logs for suspicious activity related to the CoreGraphics Window Server (e.g., unusual process spawning, unexpected command executions).
Analyze process creation events for commands launched with root privileges from user sessions.
Examine system audit logs for any unauthorized modifications to system files or configurations.
Implement file integrity monitoring to detect changes to critical system binaries and configuration files.
Network monitoring for any unusual outbound connections from the affected systems.
Upgrade to a supported version of Mac OS X or macOS. This is the primary and most effective remediation step.
Apply all available security patches for the affected operating system.
Restrict physical access to vulnerable systems.
Implement strong password policies and multi-factor authentication (MFA) for all user accounts.
Regularly audit user accounts and permissions to identify and remove unnecessary privileges.
Implement a host-based intrusion detection system (HIDS) to monitor for malicious activity.
Consider using a security information and event management (SIEM) system to centralize and analyze security logs.