Source: cve@mitre.org
SQL injection vulnerability in mod_sql in Oracle Internet Application Server (IAS) 3.0.7 and earlier allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the query string of the URL.
Oracle Internet Application Server (IAS) 3.0.7 and earlier is vulnerable to a critical SQL injection flaw in its mod_sql module. This allows attackers to remotely inject and execute arbitrary SQL commands, potentially leading to complete system compromise and data exfiltration.
Step 1: Payload Delivery: The attacker crafts a malicious URL containing a SQL injection payload within the query string. This payload is designed to execute arbitrary SQL commands.
The vulnerability stems from insufficient input validation within the mod_sql module when processing user-supplied data in the URL's query string. Specifically, the module fails to properly sanitize or escape special characters within the query string before constructing and executing SQL queries against the backend database. This allows attackers to inject malicious SQL code, such as commands to retrieve sensitive data, modify database records, or even execute operating system commands through stored procedures or extended stored procedures if the database user has sufficient privileges. The root cause is a lack of parameterized queries or prepared statements, and a reliance on string concatenation to build SQL queries, making it susceptible to SQL injection attacks.
This vulnerability could be exploited by a wide range of threat actors, including financially motivated cybercriminals and nation-state actors. While no specific APTs are directly linked to this CVE, the ease of exploitation and potential for high impact make it attractive to various groups. CISA KEV status: Likely Not Listed due to the age of the vulnerability, but the severity warrants consideration for inclusion if found in a critical infrastructure environment.
Network Intrusion Detection Systems (NIDS) should be configured to detect SQL injection attempts. Look for suspicious patterns in HTTP requests, such as the use of single quotes, double quotes, semicolons, and other SQL-specific keywords in the URL query string.
Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) can be deployed to filter malicious requests before they reach the vulnerable application. WAFs should be configured with rules specifically designed to detect and block SQL injection attacks.
Review web server access logs for unusual activity, such as long query strings or repeated attempts to access specific resources. Look for patterns indicative of SQL injection attempts.
Database audit logs can be used to monitor for suspicious SQL commands, such as attempts to modify database schemas or access sensitive data. Analyze database logs for unusual activity, such as unexpected queries or changes to data.
Upgrade to a patched version of Oracle Internet Application Server (IAS) or a later version that addresses the vulnerability. Oracle has likely released patches or updates to address this issue in later versions.
Implement input validation and output encoding to sanitize user-supplied data. Ensure that all user input is properly validated and sanitized before being used in SQL queries. This includes escaping special characters and using parameterized queries or prepared statements.
Use parameterized queries or prepared statements to prevent SQL injection. Parameterized queries allow you to separate the SQL code from the user-supplied data, preventing attackers from injecting malicious SQL code.
Apply the principle of least privilege to database users. Grant database users only the minimum necessary privileges to perform their tasks. This limits the potential damage that can be caused by a successful SQL injection attack.
Implement a Web Application Firewall (WAF) to filter malicious requests.
Regularly scan the system for vulnerabilities using vulnerability scanners.