Source: cve@mitre.org
Xitami 2.5b installs the testcgi.exe program by default in the cgi-bin directory, which allows remote attackers to gain sensitive configuration information about the web server by accessing the program.
Xitami 2.5b web servers are vulnerable to a critical information disclosure flaw. Attackers can remotely access the testcgi.exe program, revealing sensitive configuration details and potentially enabling further compromise of the server and its data. This vulnerability poses a significant risk of data breaches and system takeover.
Step 1: Identify Target: The attacker identifies a Xitami 2.5b web server.
Step 2: Access the Vulnerable Resource: The attacker navigates to the testcgi.exe program via a web browser, typically using a URL like http://<target_ip>/cgi-bin/testcgi.exe.
Step 3: Information Retrieval: The testcgi.exe program executes and returns a webpage containing sensitive configuration details.
Step 4: Information Analysis: The attacker analyzes the returned information to identify potential vulnerabilities, such as default credentials, vulnerable modules, or server paths that can be exploited for further attacks.
The vulnerability stems from the default installation of testcgi.exe in the cgi-bin directory. This program, when accessed via a web browser, is designed to provide diagnostic information about the web server's configuration. However, it inadvertently exposes sensitive data such as server paths, installed modules, and potentially even user credentials if the server is misconfigured. The root cause is the lack of proper access control and information sanitization within testcgi.exe, allowing unauthorized users to retrieve sensitive information. This is not a code-level flaw like a buffer overflow, but rather a design flaw that exposes sensitive information.
Due to the age of this vulnerability, it's unlikely to be directly targeted by sophisticated APTs. However, it could be exploited by opportunistic attackers or used as a stepping stone in a larger attack. This vulnerability is not listed in the CISA KEV catalog due to its age and the likely lack of widespread exploitation today.
Network traffic analysis: Look for HTTP requests to /cgi-bin/testcgi.exe or similar paths.
Web server logs: Examine web server access logs for requests to testcgi.exe. Successful requests will likely return a 200 OK status code.
File system analysis: Verify the presence of testcgi.exe in the cgi-bin directory.
Vulnerability scanning: Use vulnerability scanners to identify Xitami 2.5b installations and this specific vulnerability.
Upgrade: Upgrade to a patched version of Xitami (if available). However, Xitami is no longer actively maintained, so this is unlikely.
Remove the Vulnerable File: Delete the testcgi.exe file from the cgi-bin directory.
Disable CGI Execution: If CGI scripts are not required, disable CGI execution entirely in the web server configuration.
Implement Web Application Firewall (WAF): Deploy a WAF to filter malicious requests and prevent access to sensitive resources.
Network Segmentation: Isolate the web server from other critical systems to limit the impact of a compromise.
Regular Security Audits: Conduct regular security audits and penetration testing to identify and address vulnerabilities.